This paper compares different Arabic keyboard layouts, including phonetic and non-phonetic layouts. The authors evaluate the usability and efficiency of each layout and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
by A. A. Al-Saeed, M. M. A. Hassanein, and A. M. Abbas (2019) M. M. A. Hassanein
Abbas, A. M., Hassanein, M. M. A., & El-Hakim, M. S. (2015). Design and implementation of an Arabic phonetic keyboard. Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 30(3), 531-539. and A. M. Abbas (2019) Abbas
by M. S. El-Hakim, A. M. Abbas, and M. M. A. Hassanein (2016) M. M. A.